Information Sharing Between Family and Friend Carers of Older Adults and Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Informal caregivers play a crucial role in the care of older adults and adults with chronic illnesses in India. Effective communication between caregivers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) is essential for continuity of care, better patient outcomes, and caregiver well-being. However, caregiver experiences of communication in the Indian context are not well understood. Objective: To synthesise qualitative evidence on communication and information-sharing experiences between family caregivers and HCPs in India, identifying barriers, facilitators, and contextual factors. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase for qualitative and mixed-method studies published from 2000 to May 2025. Studies reporting caregiver experiences with communication or information exchange with HCPs in India were included. Results: Six studies involving caregivers and HCPs were included. Caregivers often acted as intermediaries between patients and professionals, facing unclear roles, fragmented communication systems, and workload pressures. Facilitators included trust, empathy, recognition of caregiver expertise, structured training, early engagement in care planning, and social or familial support. Conclusion: Communication between caregivers and HCPs in India is influenced by structural, relational, and cultural factors. Barriers such as role ambiguity, fragmented systems, and limited recognition of caregivers can be addressed through structured protocols, training, and trust-based engagement.